PCT Patent Application Process
## Initial Filing (0-12 months) • File provisional or non-provisional application in home country • Establishes priority date • Begin drafting PCT application
## PCT International Filing (12 months) • File PCT application through receiving office • Must include: - Request form (PCT/RO/101) - Patent description - Claims - Drawings (if necessary) - Abstract - Filing fees
## International Phase (12-30 months) 1. International Search Report (ISR) and Written Opinion - Issued by International Searching Authority (ISA) - Typically received within 16-18 months - Evaluates novelty, inventive step, industrial applicability
2. International Publication - Occurs at 18 months from priority date - Published on WIPO's PATENTSCOPE database
3. Optional Steps: - File Article 19 amendments responding to ISR - Request supplementary international search - File Chapter II Demand for international preliminary examination - Submit Article 34 amendments
## National/Regional Phase Entry (30-31 months) • Choose target jurisdictions • File translations as required • Pay national/regional fees • Appoint local patent attorneys • Submit any amendments/arguments • Begin separate prosecution in each jurisdiction
## Key Considerations • Monitor all deadlines carefully • Budget for substantial translation costs • Consider filing strategy based on commercial objectives • Evaluate prosecution costs in each jurisdiction • Maintain consistent claims across jurisdictions when possible
## Cost Structure • International filing fees • Search fees (ISA dependent) • Handling fees • National phase entry fees • Translation costs • Attorney fees in each jurisdiction
## Timeline Management • Track priority date carefully • Monitor 30/31-month deadlines for national phase • Consider expedited examination options • Plan for sequential office action responses